Thursday, December 25, 2008

Rambam's prescription for the golem

Rambam has an interesting term for people such as ourselves who have "awoken" to the light of Shechina. The term he uses is "golem" which refers to a raw material- ie an immature Nefesh. The immature Nefesh grasps, in principle, that there is a source to the Mada we see expressed in the Craft of Creation. He knows that there is a set of luminous Shechina principles embedded in the D'varim of Mesorah. However, the golem is able to apply this general principle only in certain ideal areas. In certain select areas of life he engages the world through a clear framework based on solid application of principles. In other areas his application is weak or distorted. Yet other areas are under the sway of habit, the golem is not yet reflective about these areas at all. This is very much like a student of craft. In the idealized dojo under highly standardized ideal environments, he recognizes the opportunity to punch or block. In the street the same karate golem will be bewildered and fall into ineffective fighting habits. So too the Doctor. In ideal textbook presentation he will recognize a disease and prescribe a cure. In the hospital he will have "eyes that see not" once again.

A Modern Orthodox Jew might have a good grasp of principles such as Torah U'mada. However, his habits of talmud torah might be highly restricting. The modern golem never asks himself how he will implement his grand ideal of Torah U'madah by listening to a Drasha before Musaf once a week.

A religious Zionist will have a clear sense of the imperitive of not relying on miracles. It is indeed a blessing to have tools such as a military. But again what of Talmud torah as the basis of Ahavaso and Yiraso?

The challenge for the Golem is to extend his basic insight to a full scale method of recognizing his environment and calculating the response to engage the world. In this he is ,once again, much like the student of any practical craft. He must be guided along a sure path of Mesorah, starting with a clear sense of two things. A) The all encompassing dependence of Creation upon the design of the divine Craftsman. B) A sense of how man's development fits in to this design as a craft of engaging the world, a service within the design of the Craftsman.

Unlike the woodcutter who serves through arbitrary action to please an authority, the golem realizes that his service is to choose to be a reflective part of a system governed by law. To progress, he must have the story of Creation formulated into a model of the world that helps him identify ohr principles applicable in the frameworks he will find himself in. This model of the world will be the foundation,yesod, of all laws because each law will gain its meaning and purpose as an instrument of properly engaging the world as illuminated by the Ohr of the Mesorah. Just as the engineer sees opportunity to build buildings via application of the model of the world of Physics to building materials, the doctor applies the model of Chemistry and biology to the human body, the golem moves toward application of the model of Creation to his immature Nefesh learning how to find its place in the world.

We are now in the position to understand the absolute priority Rambam's assigns to yesodei ha-torah on the path to Mitzvot.

וראיתי לחלק חיבור זה לארבעה עשר ספרים:

ספר ראשון. אכלול בו כל המצוות שהן עיקר דת משה רבנו, וצריך אדם לידע אותן תחילת הכול--כגון ייחוד שמו ברוך הוא, ואיסור עבודה זרה. וקראתי שם ספר זה ספר המדע.

I saw fit to divide this composition into 14 books:

The first book: I will include in this all the Mitzvot that are the essence of the Das- system of Moshe our teacher, which a person must know prior to anything such as the unity of his name and the prohibition of idolatry. I named this book: The book of The Knowledge.

In this statement Rabbenu Moshe articulates the basis for an emergence from being a mindless woodcutter projecting his personal material good as the organizing principle of Creation. In its stead lies the unity of His name, the Ohr of Mada able to be applied to every area as causal principles, if we choose to seek the names of things like our Forbear Adam the first.

4 comments:

Unknown said...

Rabbi Sacks, we saw this notion of the Golem in the Rambam's commentary of Pirkai Avot. 5:6 [7][10]

שבעה דברים בגולם ושבעה בחכם.

חכם אינו מדבר בפני מי שהוא גדול ממנו בחכמה ובמנין,
ואינו נכנס לתוך דברי חברו,
ואינו נבהל להשיב,
שואל כענין ומשיב כהלכה,
ואומר על ראשון ראשון ועל אחרון אחרון,
ועל מה שלא שמע, אומר 'לא שמעתי',
ומודה על האמת.

וחלופיהן בגולם.

Seven marks characterize the golem and seven the wise man. The wise man does not speak before one who is greater than he in wisdom and he does not break in upon the speech of his fellow. He is not hasty to answer. He asks what is relevant and answers according to the Halakah. He speaks on the first point first and on the last point last. Where he has heard no tradition he says, "I have not heard"; and he agrees to what is true. The opposites of these attributes are the marks of the golem.

The Rambam comments, "the golem is one who possesses perfection of middos [principles of excellence of action] and Sichlios [principles of excellence of mind], BUT they are not complete NOR do they follow an order - which means there is both confusion and lack. Thus the Mishna called him a golem - the term referred to vessels that has been fully formed by the artisan and reflects the perfection of the artistic vision yet lacks the "finishing touches" like fully made knives that need sharpening..."

...a chomer waiting to receive a superior tzura...

May we all be zocheh to receive that superior tzura, bimhaira beyamanu- Chanukah Sameach!

Rabbi Jonathan Sacks said...

Rabbi Rosenthal

I was going to email you to ask that you tell us about the source of the "Golem" you told me about last year.You beat me to it. Thanks for telling me about the source and your זריזות in posting it!

Let me take this opportunity to publicly thank R Rosenthal for all the insights and sources he has brought to my attention. This concept of Golem is but one of these. There are many, many more that I will try to acknowledge as we move along.

This hakara is going to become increasingly necessary as our Lashon Limudim starts to grow. Especially worthy in this regard are the wise KB, Ezer Kinegdo expert and Yael,who coined the idea of the principles of wisdom applying from the most large to the most small. (From the mighty stars to the lowly anteater as I recall).
Matt of course coiner of god fantasy and Chochma awareness to name a few and Yakov whose ideas of the natural vs artificial avoda are about to be tapped.

Unknown said...

Let one hakarat Tov lead to another Hakarat Hatov - as we celebrate Chanukah -the Yom shel hakarat hatov.

Let me publicly thank Rabbi Sacks for 18 years of sharing big "Shechinah" insights with me. You have become the Maayan Ha'misgaber![Pirkai Avot 2:8]
Keep it flowing!

Rabbi Jonathan Sacks said...

I am really touched, that really means something to me coming from you R. Rosenthal.