Wednesday, August 5, 2009

Taanit #2 A path of teshuva?

In the Koteret Rambam identifies "crying out" alone as the Mitzva in hilchot taanit. In halacha #1 he proceeds to identify two distinct teshuva instruments in Hilchot taanit: 1) Crying out to Hashem in prayer 2) blowing the trumpets. This approach of the Rambam leads to some difficult problems in understanding the proper path to teshuva in an עֵת צָרָה גְּדוֹלָה.

Given what we have said in part #1, we see why the reflective re-evaluation process of teshuva is the appropriate framework for responding to צרה. We have also seen how teshuva precludes the primal scream variety of "crying out". Such immature behavior is damaging to self reflection and must never be indulged in, if at all possible. What is not yet clear is why זעקה specifically is the proper teshuva response to צָרָה. Why not just reflect upon our circumstance, identify its root cause and correct it? What exactly is the need or מחייב for this זעקה? The Mitzva path of teshuva does not seem to include זעקה as a primary instrument, Viduy is the primary instrument.

הִלְכּוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה פֵּרֶק א

א כָּל הַמִּצְווֹת שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה, בֵּין עֲשֵׂה בֵּין לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה--אִם עָבַר אָדָם עַל אַחַת מֵהֶן, בֵּין בְּזָדוֹן בֵּין בִּשְׁגָגָה--כְּשֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה תְּשׁוּבָה וְיָשׁוּב מֵחֶטְאוֹ, חַיָּב לְהִתְוַדּוֹת לִפְנֵי הָאֵל בָּרוּךְ הוּא: שֶׁנֶּאֱמָר "אִישׁ אוֹ-אִשָּׁה כִּי יַעֲשׂוּ מִכָּל-חַטֹּאת הָאָדָם . . . וְהִתְוַדּוּ, אֶת-חַטָּאתָם אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ" (במדבר ה,ו-ז), זֶה וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים. וּוִדּוּי זֶה מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה.

Problem 1: Why is the primary instrument of teshuva in response to עֵת צָרָה גְּדוֹלָה a זעקה? What happened toוּוִדּוּי ?

Problem 2: What is the significance of adding the teshuva instrument of blowing trumpets to this seemingly arbitrary זעקה?

Problem 3: What happened to taanit? Why is the primary instrument of teshuva in response to עֵת צָרָה גְּדוֹלָה a זעקה rather than taanit? Why call the section Hilchot taanit, if it is really a process of Teshuva?

2 comments:

Unknown said...

Why doesnt the Rambam put le'hariyah in the Koteret - yet states that is a key element in halacha alef?

In fact in the sefer hamitzvot [aseh 59] - "We are commanded to sound the trumpets in the Temple when offering sacrifices that are offered only at appointed times.... [Also,] we are commanded to sound the trumpets at a time of distress and difficulty when we pray to Him."

he makes the tafel ikkur and ikkur tafel!

Rabbi Jonathan Sacks said...

R. Rosenthal

great point. I will deal with it in sections 3-4,5